Human Respiratory System | Physiology, Anatomy and Functions

• The human respiratory system or the human breathing system is a biological system, which is made up of a network of organs. In humans, the system helps to exchange gases. Through this system, we take Oxygen from open-air, which is mandatory for human beings, and also release the toxic waste of Carbon Dioxide.

Human Respiratory System 

 Human Respiratory  System : 

What is Breath?

     The exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide through the respiratory system is called Breath. And the process is called Breathing.

Why to Breath?

        A cell needs chemical energy to live in the form of ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate). The required ATP is get by burning glucose. The blood vessels carry the glucose which comes from the digestive system. Except glucose, the cell needs oxygen to produce ATP.

          The requirements of the oxygen payout through the Respiratory System. That's why we need to breathe.

ANATOMY :

What are the parts of the respiratory system?

The human respiratory system is made up of various parts or organs, those are-

1) Nostria :  The beginning of the human respiratory system is through the Nostria or External Nares. This is the outer nose.

2) Nasal Cavity :  After nostria of the human respiratory system is through the Nasal Cavity. Usually, the cavity is the nose pore of humans.

3) Buccal Cavity :  The Buccal Cavity is usually part of the digestive system. But sometimes we pass air through this. The cavity is actually the mouth pore. 

4) Pharynx :  The common path of the food and air is called as Pharynx. Usually, it is the throat region. Both the buccal cavity and the nasal cavity meet to the pick of pharynx.

    The pharynx has three parts:

1. Nosopharynx : The region of pharynx, which is attached with the nose or the nasal cavity.
2.  Oropharynx : The region of pharynx, which is attached with the mouth or the buccal cavity.
3. Laryngopharynx : The region of pharynx, which is attached with the larynx side.

 

UVULA : It off the Nasal Cavity while eating.

 

5) Larynx :  The larynx region provide voice, while the air come out. That's why it is also known as Voice Box.

6) Glottis :  Opening of the larynx in starting.

7) Epiglottis :  Covering of the glottis, so that food doesn't enter in larynx.

8) Trachea  :  It's made up of a C-Shaped*  ring like structural tissue layer. Air can go through easily by this that's why it also called as Windpipe. 

* the ring is made up of one kind of tissue, named Hyaline Cartelage. 

The ring-like structure helps to pass the air through the tube without any problems.

9) Primary Bronchi :  Trachea divided into two tubular parts at the T5 region, named Primary Bronchi.

10) Secondary Bronchi :  Primary bronchi divided into secondary bronchi.

11) Tertiary Bronchi :   Secondary bronchis are divided into tertiary bronchi.

10) Bronchiole :  Tertiary bronchi divided into various bronchiole. The initiation of bronchiole is made up of a ring-like structure. The initiation part is known as Initial Bronchiole. After the initial bronchiol, the division of the bronchial is happened without a ring-like structure. The last bronchiole is known as Terminal Bronchiole.

12) Alveoli :  At the pick point of the terminal bronchiole, we can find a balloon-like structure. Usually, the cases are stored here. The bubble is known as Alveoli. It exchanges air with the blood capillary.

10) Alveolar Duck :  The duct which attached the alveoli with the terminal bronchiol.

Also Read :

FUNCTIONS :

What does the Respiratory System do? 

1. We can talk because the air got out.
2. Helps to take smells.
3. It took the body temperature in favorable weather.
4. It helps to motorized the body humidity level.
5. Deliver the oxygen to the cell, which is mandatory for the cell.
6. Remove the wastes gases from the body, including carbon dioxide.
7. Protects our airways from harmful substances and irritants.

CONDITIONS AND DISORDERS:

What conditions affect the respiratory system?

     Many conditions can affect the organs and tissues that make up the respiratory system. Some develop due to irritants you breathe in from the air, including viruses or bacteria that cause infection. Others occur as a result of disease or getting older.

Conditions that can cause inflammation (swelling, irritation and pain) or otherwise affect the respiratory system include:

• Allergies: Inhaling proteins, such as dust, mold, and pollen, can cause respiratory allergies in some people. These proteins can cause inflammation in your airways.
• Asthma: A chronic (long-term) disorder, asthma causes inflammation in the airways that can make breathing difficult.
• Infection: Infections can lead to pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs) or bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes). Common respiratory infections include the flu (influenza) or a cold.
• Disease: Respiratory disorders include lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These illnesses can harm the respiratory system’s ability to deliver oxygen throughout the body and filter out waste gases.
• Aging: Lung capacity decreases as you get older.
• Damage: Damage to the respiratory system can cause breathing problems.

MCQ from the Topic :

FAQ Section :

What is the respiratory system?

The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.

How can I keep my respiratory system healthy?

Being able to clear mucus out of the lungs and airways is important for respiratory health. To keep your respiratory system healthy, you should: Avoid pollutants that can damage your airways, including secondhand smoke, chemicals and radon (a radioactive gas that can cause cancer). Wear a mask if you are exposed to fumes, dust or other types of pollutants for any reason.

When should I call a healthcare provider about an issue with my respiratory system?

Contact your provider if you have breathing trouble or pain. Your provider will listen to your chest, lungs, and heartbeat and look for signs of a respiratory issue such as infection. To see if your respiratory system is working as it should, your healthcare provider may use imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI.

Is smoking harmful for respiratory system?

Yes, of course. Smoking causes cancer. It's very effective for respiratory system. So please don't smoke. Be healthy and be safe.